Global Estimates in Orlicz Spaces for p-Laplacian Systems in RN

In this paper we obtain global estimates in Orlicz spaces for weak solutions of p-Laplacian systems in R^N for N≥ 2. Our results improve the known results for such problems.     

The Dissipative Spectral Methods for the First Order Linear Hyperbolic Equations

In this paper, we introduce the dissipative spectral methods (DSM) for the first order linear hyperbolic equations in one dimension. Specifically, we consider the Fourier DSM for periodic problems and the Legendre DSM for equations with the Dirichlet boundary condition. The error estimates of the methods are shown to be quasi-optimal for variable-coefficients equations. Numerical results are given to verify high accuracy of the DSM and to compare the proposed schemes with some high performance methods, showing some superiority in long-term integration for the periodic case and in dealing with limited smoothness near or at the boundary for the Dirichlet case.     

A nearly zero temperature gradient furnace system for high pressure multi-anvil experiments

A new furnace system with an almost zero temperature gradient throughout the sample area was designed for multi-anvil high pressure experiments. Test experiments of the new design were performed using 18/11 and 25/15 cell assemblies at 4?GPa, 1400°C and 1500°C, respectively. The temperature field within the sample capsules appeared to be very homogenous as indicated by Mg₂Si₂O₆–MgCaSi₂O₆ two-pyroxene thermometry, by direct temperature measurements using two thermocouples within the same assembly, and by distribution of solid and liquid phases in the sample capsule. The temperature gradient is estimated to be <2.4°C/mm over an area of 4?×?5?mm² within the furnace. It is significantly lower than standard multi-anvil experiments with straight or stepped furnace systems, which are at the levels of 20–200°C/mm.     

一种永磁磁共振中磁体涡流场的测量方法

磁共振成像（Magntic Resonance Imaging,MRI）技术是一种先进的医疗影像技术.在MRI系统中,通过梯度线圈电流快速切换方向,对待测区域施加梯度磁场,产生的梯度磁场会在其周围的金属体内激发出变化的涡旋电场,进而导致金属体内闭合的回路中产生对原来的梯度电流起抑制作用的感生电流,也就是我们所说的涡流.本文介绍了一种测量磁体涡流场的方法,结合电磁感应定律,设计了一种磁体涡流场测量装置,通过硬件采集以及软件处理的方法,将理想梯度场与实际磁场进行相减并将波形实时呈现,实验结果表明该方法可实现对磁体涡流场的测量.     

变延迟进动定制激发(DANTE)序列在工程中的优化设计

变延迟进动定制激发（Delays Alternating with Nutation for Tailored Excitation,DANTE）序列作为一种黑血预脉冲序列,通过连续施加小角度激发脉冲,以及结合散相梯度,使得流动物质和静态物质达到不同的稳态,从而抑制流动的血液.对于静态物质而言,施加DANTE序列后在图像等间隔的位置会出现暗条纹,暗条纹的宽度与梯度幅值和小单元持续时间乘积相关：乘积越大,暗纹宽度越小.对于动态物质而言,为达到较好的抑制效果,需要增加整个DANTE序列模块的准备时间,并且增大梯度幅值和小单元持续时间的乘积.因此,该方法对于梯度系统的要求较高,而实际梯度放大器（Gradient Amplifier,GPA）有一定的限额.在有限的GPA条件下,为使得DANTE序列具有更好抑制流动信号效果,本文在读出方向以及片层旋转两个方面进行了梯度优化,实现了更好的黑血效果.     

MRI梯度预加重模块的分时复用设计

为获得更优的成像质量和更快的成像速度,磁共振成像（MRI）系统的梯度预加重模块需要具有更多的补偿通道和调节参数,常规预加重模块的设计方案使现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）面临巨大的资源消耗.为解决高性能梯度预加重模块的资源消耗大的问题,本文提出了一种基于分时复用技术的梯度预加重实现方案,以常规方案1/44的资源实现了11通道×4组参数的梯度预加重模块.将该模块用于0.35 T MRI系统,测试了补偿前后的涡流曲线和磁共振图像,结果表明该模块有效降低了系统的涡流,减小了磁共振图像中的涡流伪影.     

Prandtl number effects in decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence with a mean scalar gradient

Decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence with an imposed mean scalar gradient is investigated numerically, thanks to a specific eddy-damped quasi-normal Markovian closure developed recently for passive scalar mixing in homogeneous anisotropic turbulence (BGC). The present modelling is compared successfully with recent direct numerical simulations and other models, for both very large and small Prandtl numbers. First, scalings for the cospectrum and scalar variance spectrum in the inertial range are recovered analytically and numerically. Then, at large Reynolds numbers, the decay and growth laws for the scalar variance and mixed velocity–scalar correlations, respectively, derived in BGC, are shown numerically to remain valid when the Prandtl number strongly departs from unity. Afterwards, the normalised correlation ρ_wθ is found to decrease in magnitude at a fixed Reynolds number when Pr either increases or decreases, in agreement with earlier predictions. Finally, the small scales return to isotropy of the scalar second-order moments is found to depend not only on the Reynolds number, but also on the Prandtl number.     

Meshless analysis of an improved element-free Galerkin method for linear and nonlinear elliptic problems

We first give a stabilized improved moving least squares(IMLS) approximation, which has better computational stability and precision than the IMLS approximation. Then, analysis of the improved element-free Galerkin method is provided theoretically for both linear and nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems. Finally, numerical examples are given to verify the theoretical analysis.     

Single-layer broadband planar antenna using ultrathin high-efficiency focusing metasurfaces

Phase gradient metasurfaces(PGMS) offer a fascinating ability to control the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic(EM) waves on a subwavelength scale, resulting in new applications of designing novel microwave devices with improved performances. In this paper, a reflective symmetrical element, consisting of orthogonally I-shaped structures, has been demonstrated with an approximately parallel phase response from 15 GHz to 22 GHz, which results in an interesting wideband property. For practical design, a planar antenna is implemented by a well-optimized focusing metasurface and excited by a self-designed Vivaldi antenna at the focus. Numerical and experimental results coincide well. The planar antenna has a series of merits such as a wide 3-d B gain bandwidth of 15–22 GHz, an average gain enhancement of 16 d B, a comparable aperture efficiency of better than 45% at 18 GHz, and also a simple fabrication process. The proposed reflective metasurface opens up a new avenue to design wideband microwave devices.     

Effect of gravity gradient in weak equivalence principle test

A high accuracy test of the weak equivalence principle(WEP) is of great scientific significance no matter whether its result is positive. We analyze the gravity gradient effect which is a main systematic error source in the test of WEP.The result shows that the uncompensated gravity gradient effect from the coupling term of the dominated gravity gradient multipole moment component q_(21) and the relative multipole field component Q_(21) contributes to an uncertainty of 1×10~(-11) on the E¨otv¨os parameter. We make a Q_(21) compensation to reduce the effect by about 20 times, and the limit of the test precision due to this coupling is improved to a level of a part in 10~(13).